Introduction: William Hazlitt’s “On Familiar Style,” published in his collection “Table-Talk” (1821-22), is a celebrated essay that champions the virtues of simple, natural, and unpretentious writing. It’s a powerful argument against ornate, artificial, and overly literary prose. Here’s a detailed breakdown of its key themes and arguments.
Natural Style: William Hazlitt’s “On Familiar Style” stands as a timeless testament to the power of unadorned prose, a beacon illuminating the virtues of simplicity and naturalness in writing. Within this essay, he constructs a compelling argument against the artifice and pedantry that often plague literary expression, advocating for a style that resonates with the genuine cadence of human speech.Hazlitt’s central thesis revolves around the idea that true eloquence is not found in elaborate rhetoric or obscure vocabulary, but in the ability to convey thoughts and feelings with clarity and sincerity. He champions a “familiar style” that mirrors the natural flow of conversation, free from the constraints of rigid formality. This style, he argues, allows the writer’s personality to shine through, creating a direct and intimate connection with the reader.
Simplicity over Affection: One of the essay’s most striking features is Hazlitt’s relentless critique of affectation. He deplores the tendency of some writers to prioritize the sound of their words over their meaning, to use language as a tool for self-aggrandizement rather than communication. He sees such behavior as a form of intellectual vanity, a desire to impress rather than to enlighten.
Hazlitt’s preference for simplicity is not merely an aesthetic choice; it is a reflection of his belief in the inherent dignity of ordinary language. He recognizes the power of simple words and phrases to evoke profound emotions and convey complex ideas. He understands that true mastery of language lies not in the ability to construct elaborate sentences, but in the ability to express oneself with clarity and precision.
Individuality over Artificiality: Furthermore, Hazlitt emphasizes the importance of individuality in writing. He believes that a familiar style allows the writer’s unique voice to emerge, creating a sense of authenticity and engagement. He values writing that is personal, reflective, and imbibe with the writer’s own experiences and perspectives. He values the ability of the writer to be themselves on the page.
Hazlitt’s essay is littered with examples of what he considers to be good and bad writing. He praises writers who possess the ability to write in a way that feels natural, as if they are conversing with the reader. He criticizes those who adopt an artificial tone, those who seem more concerned with impressing their audience than with communicating their ideas.
Mundane Nature: The familiar style, in Hazlitt’s view, is not merely a matter of linguistic preference; it is also a reflection of social and moral values. He suggests that true gentility does not come from the use of overly refined speech, but from the ability to communicate effectively with people from all walks of life. He believes that those who are truly refined are able to express themselves in a way that is both clear and accessible.
To further emphasize his point, Hazlitt contrasts the simple, natural style of writers he admires with the ornate, artificial style of those he criticizes. He uses examples from literature and everyday life to illustrate his points, demonstrating the power of plain language to convey profound truths.
Conclusion: “On Familiar Style” is, in essence, a passionate plea for honesty and authenticity in writing. It is a reminder that the most effective communication is often the simplest and most direct. Hazlitt’s essay continues to resonate with readers today, serving as a timeless guide for writers who seek to express themselves with clarity, sincerity, and grace. It is a defense of the English language, and a wonderful explanation of how it can be used best. The essay also serves as a guide, in how to be a good person, and that true gentility is found in ones actions, and not their speech.
Summing Up: Lastly, one have to keep the following points in mind to deal with the essay.
1. The Primacy of Naturalness: i. Hazlitt champions a style that mirrors natural conversation, free from artificiality. ii. He believes genuine eloquence arises from direct and sincere expression. iii. He criticizes writers who prioritize elaborate language over authentic communication.
2. The Power of Simplicity: i. He extols the effectiveness of simple words and phrases. ii. He argues that plain language allows for clearer and more impactful communication. iii. He demonstrates that complex ideas can be conveyed through straightforward expression.
3. Rejection of Pedantry and Affectation: i. Hazlitt condemns the use of language to impress rather than communicate. ii. He criticizes the flaunting of erudition and the use of obscure vocabulary. iii. He argues against overly formal constructions that obscure meaning and create distance between writer and reader.
4. Emphasis on Individuality and Authenticity: i. He celebrates the unique voice and personality of the writer. ii. He believes a familiar style allows the author’s character to shine through. iii. He values writing that is personal, engaging, and reflective of the writer’s experiences.
5. The Familiar Style as a Reflection of True Gentility: i. He argues that true refinement lies in the ability to communicate effectively with all people. ii. He contrasts this with the superficial gentility of overly refined speech. iii. He implies that simplicity of speech, reflects a simplicity and honesty of character.
6. Critique of Ornate and Artificial Writing: i. Hazlitt uses examples to contrast natural and artificial styles. ii. He points out how ornate language often obscures meaning and creates a sense of detachment. iii. He highlights the ineffectiveness of language that draws attention to itself.
7. The Importance of Clarity and Precision: i. He emphasizes the need for clear and precise language. ii. He argues that effective communication requires a focus on conveying meaning. iii. He values language that serves its purpose without unnecessary embellishment.
8. The Familiar Style as a Democratic Approach: i. By advocating for plain speech, Hazlitt is in a way, advocating for a more democratic form of literature. ii. He is against the idea of literature being only for the highly educated. iii. He wishes for literature to be enjoyed by all.
9. The Essay as a Demonstration of Its Own Principles: i. Hazlitt’s own writing in “On Familiar Style” exemplifies the principles he advocates. ii. His conversational tone, vivid imagery, and direct address to the reader embody the familiar style. iii. The essay is a perfect example of his own teachings.
10. Enduring Relevance: i. Hazlitt’s essay remains relevant today, reminding us of the enduring power of simplicity and authenticity in communication. ii. His insights into language and style continue to resonate with writers and readers alike. iii. His essay is a guide to good writing, and a guide to being a good person.
Aman Pal
Literatureman
